PHARM FINAL REVIEW - Chapter 5: Drugs for Bacterial Infections

Antibacterials

Antimicrobial drugs that kill/slow reproduction of bacteria only.

Antibiotic

Any drug with ability to destroy/interfere with development of living organism.

Antimicrobial drug

General term for any drug with the purpose of killing/inhibiting growth of pathogenic microorganisms.

Antimicrobial resistance

Ability of an organism to resist the killing/growth-suppressing effects of anti-infective drugs.

Bactericidal

Drugs with MOA that kill bacteria.

Bacteriostatic

Drugs with MOA that only suppress/slow the bacterial growth

Before giving the patient the first dose of an anti-infective drug, ask a patient about

Previous allergic reactions to anti-infective drugs

To maintain a consistent blood level, antibiotics should be given

Around the clock

When antimicrobial therapy is discontinued before the prescribed duration, an individual is at an increased risk for

Recurrence of infection and drug-resistant organism development.

During antimicrobial therapy, why should breastfeeding be avoided?

Most drugs are excreted through breast milk, leaving the baby vulnerable to adverse effects from drugs.

Patients who are allergic to penicillin are often allergic to

Cephalosporins

Penicillin and cephalosporins are

Chemically structured similarly

What should be monitored when giving Vancomycin?

IV site

Why do we monitor IV sites when administering Vancomycin?

It is extremely hard on the veins

Vancomycin is only given PO to treat

C-diff

Adverse reaction from Vancomycin?

Red Mans Syndrome

Can Red Mans Syndrome be pre-treated if an individual is aware of reaction?

Yes

What medication is used to pre-treat red mans syndrome?

Benadryl IV

How long before administering vancomycin should pre-treatment begin?

30 minutes prior