REAL SOCI 101 FINAL

Fictive kin

unrelated people who are like family

Families as units of consumption

families purchase goods to provide for daily necessities

Semiotics

signs that provide meaning accepted by the group (wedding ring means married)

Geeksploitation

taking advantage of no-collar employees who desired creative work, friendly workplaces, and the sharing of knowledge (Google)

Functionalist view of family

Society reflects family, so weak family structure = societal problems. Gender roles are needed.

Iron cage of bureaucracy

Excessive rationality leads to system serving the system, not the people

The Second Shift

extra work for women as being a mother

No-collar workers

workers that seek meaning and satisfaction from their job

Max Weber and power

power is the ability to exercise one's will over others through authority

New (gig) economy (advantages and disadvantages)

Advantages: Boundaryless career with short relationships, portable skills and flexible opportunities. Disadvantages: lack of stability and benefits.

Credentialism

overemphasis on a degree to indicate qualification or status, when it does not necessarily correspond to performance

Gesellschaft (Society)

Social relations motivated through individual self-interest, not on close personal ties

Social capital

the relationships and trust between people that facilitates cooperation (job referrals, neighbors babysitting)

Feminist view of family

family structures must adapt to provide a safe and nurturing space for all family members. Social structure changes family structure. Social problems are not a direct result of changes in the family form

Durkheim Sacred vs. profane

Sacred: spaces and practices that are considered extraordinary and special. Profane: that which is mundane and ordinary

Performative structure

Structure created through accepting roles without formal coordination. (no assigned seating, but there was structure)

Taylorism

time-motion studies to find the most efficient method to complete a task (breaks between throwing sand bags). Scientific Management

Collective effervescence

unity from shared experiences strengthening the group

Nuclear family

the familial form consisting of two parents and children

Positive rites

actions expected to be carried out by members of the group (standing for national anthem)

Wedding industrial complex (Chrissy Ingraham)

marriage is promoted by financial interests

Cult of domesticity

the belief that women should bear children and do domestic duties

Prescriptive structure

Rules built on tradition and longevity that newcomers must assimilate to

Underemployment

not working full desired hours or skill capacity

Species being

Work is an expression of life. People find their humanness through meaningful work

Serial Monogamy

marrying several times only after death or divorce

Industrial Time

time standardization (9-5) necessary for capitalist economies

Negative rites

actions considered taboo by the group and should be avoided

Imagined communities (Benedict Anderson)

national identities are imagined communities. big nations require sense of unity so individuals “imagine” something binds them together; e.g. borders, ideas

Emotional cultures

the rituals and practices that become sacred for one's self and group (yearly get togethers)

Propinquity

nearness and repeated interaction influences mate selections

Gemeinschaft (Community)

Relationships motivated by essential will and tradition. (Parents loving their children)

Service economy (what are the 3 side effects?)

Low wages. Low employment stability. Low benefits

Superstition

patterns of behavior following no logic (avoid black cats)

Taking care (Swyers’ Regulars)

The Regulars become fictive kin in sharing life moments and watching out/taking care of others in the group

Marriage markets

populations for finding potential mates

Invisible labor

unseen, unpaid work to maintain the family

Family as a unit of production

families working together to provide daily necessities and resources (pre- and early-industrial lifestyle)

The Sandwich Generation

care for children and aging parents

Remarriage as an incomplete institution

difficult for other family members to define their relationships in remarried families and higher divorce risk

Offshoring

moving part or all of a company's operations overseas to minimize costs

Division of labor

separating the labor into tasks performed by separate people, for efficiency. (Ford assembly line)

Boundaryless Career

transient relationships between different employers, portable skills, flexible opportunities; gig economy

Footing (Swyers)

interactions and implicit understanding of the relationships in the community. (long-term fans get better seats)

Taboo

a ban of a behavior imposed by a social group

Hierarchy

ranking of members in social groups by power, influence, and ability

Conditions of possibility

Conditions that shape communities (like the bleachers) and allow for changes over time. (low ticket prices or unassigned seating)

Wealth work

jobs that comfort the wealthy (luxury)

Outsourcing

contracting out, or doing jobs elsewhere, that were done in-house

The Working Poor

people who work but still fall below the official poverty line

Two-tier economy (1: , 2: )

1: lower earnings, few/no benefits, less stable employment. 2: higher earnings, benefits, greater stability

Boundary maintenance (Swyers)

ways in which groups distinguish themselves from others. the Regulars enforce norms against outsiders

Assortative mating

methods to narrow the search for mates (often similarities)

Free trade

open trade; no tariffs and taxes

Industrialization

agriculture economy to manufacturing economy

No-fault divorce

divorce without legal case establishing fault; California 1969

Bureaucracy (Weber)

Rules, Merit, Emotionless, power in office not person

Arlie Hochschild (emotional geography)

emotional cultures, second shift, third shift, invisible labor; work/life speed-up

Homogamy

selecting mates based on similarities

Post-industrial economy

manufacturing economy to service-based economy

Rituals (Swyers)

actions performed for symbolic value, bringing a sense of belonging to the community

Pink collar workers

women jobs compensated low

Occupational sex segregation

concentration of men or women into fields dominated by one sex

Signifying contract

the obligation to behave according to group values

Traditional Authority

legitimized through long-standing customs

Charismatic Authority

based on personal qualities

Legal Rational Authority

authority resides in the office, not the person