Lesson 6. Resins (FULL)

Resins

physically, they are brittle, amorphous, hard transparent or translucent products

volatile oil oxidation

Resins are products of _______________________

petroleum spirit

Resins are usually insoluble in a._______________________ but dissolve more or less completely in b._________________________.

a = ?

alcohol, chloroform and ether

Resins are usually insoluble in a._______________________ but dissolve more or less completely in b._________________________.

b = ?

soften and finally melt

On heating, resins _________________________

perfumery

Some resins have pleasant odor and are used in a.________________, especially b._________________

a = ?

balsam

Some resins have pleasant odor and are used in a.________________, especially b._________________

b = ?

schizogenous or lysigenous

SOURCES OF RESINS

1. contained in _________________________________ ducts which is also known as resin ducts

2. __________________ of bloodroot

3. __________________ of guaiacum

4. __________________ of cannabis

5. __________________ of male fern

6. __________________ of lac insect

1 = ?

resin cells

SOURCES OF RESINS

1. contained in _________________________________ ducts which is also known as resin ducts

2. __________________ of bloodroot

3. __________________ of guaiacum

4. __________________ of cannabis

5. __________________ of male fern

6. __________________ of lac insect

2 = ?

heartwood

SOURCES OF RESINS

1. contained in _________________________________ ducts which is also known as resin ducts

2. __________________ of bloodroot

3. __________________ of guaiacum

4. __________________ of cannabis

5. __________________ of male fern

6. __________________ of lac insect

3 = ?

external glands

SOURCES OF RESINS

1. contained in _________________________________ ducts which is also known as resin ducts

2. __________________ of bloodroot

3. __________________ of guaiacum

4. __________________ of cannabis

5. __________________ of male fern

6. __________________ of lac insect

4 = ?

internal glands

SOURCES OF RESINS

1. contained in _________________________________ ducts which is also known as resin ducts

2. __________________ of bloodroot

3. __________________ of guaiacum

4. __________________ of cannabis

5. __________________ of male fern

6. __________________ of lac insect

5 = ?

glands

SOURCES OF RESINS

1. contained in _________________________________ ducts which is also known as resin ducts

2. __________________ of bloodroot

3. __________________ of guaiacum

4. __________________ of cannabis

5. __________________ of male fern

6. __________________ of lac insect

6 = ?

injury

yield of resins are increased by ________

alcohol

ISOLATION OF RESINS:

1. use of _________ such as in Jalap, podophyllotoxin

2. _______________ in copaiba, turpentine

3. _______________ in mastics

1 = ?

distillation

ISOLATION OF RESINS:

1. use of _________ such as in Jalap, podophyllotoxin

2. _______________ in copaiba, turpentine

3. _______________ in mastics

2 = ?

punctures

ISOLATION OF RESINS:

1. use of _________ such as in Jalap, podophyllotoxin

2. _______________ in copaiba, turpentine

3. _______________ in mastics

3 = ?

Resin acids

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

• contain oxyacids

• form metallic salts known as resinates

• used in soaps and varnishes

abietic acid

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

Examples of Resin Acids

1. rosin

2. myrrh

3. copaiba

1 = ?

commiphoric acid

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

Examples of Resin Acids

1. rosin

2. myrrh

3. copaiba

2 = ?

copaivic acid

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

Examples of Resin Acids

1. rosin

2. myrrh

3. copaiba

3 = ?

Resin alcohols

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

• occur in free state and ester forms

aloeresinotannol

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

Resin Alcohols

1. aloe

2. balsams

3. benzoins

1 = ?

peruresinotannol and toluresinotannol

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

Resin Alcohols

1. aloe

2. balsams

3. benzoins

2 = ?

siaresinotannol and sumaresinotannol

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

Resin Alcohols

1. aloe

2. balsams

3. benzoins

3 = ?

Resenes

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

• neutral, do not form salts

Glycoresins

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

• contain sugars

Jalap

CLASSIFICATION OF RESINS

Glycoresins

• example

Colophony

Rosin

Synonym: ?

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents:

Pinus palustris

Rosin

Synonym:

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Pinaceae

Rosin

Synonym:

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

Abietic acid

Rosin

Synonym:

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

Light amber

Rosin

1. ________________ is fine grade

2. ________________ are of lesser quality

1 = ?

Darker Colors

Rosin

1. ________________ is fine grade

2. ________________ are of lesser quality

2 = ?

dextro-pimaric acids and levo-pimaric acids

Rosin

1. Before distillation, resin contains large amounts of _________________

2. During distillation, the a.___________________ but the other isomer becomes b.__________________

1 = ?

dextro-pimaric acids

Rosin

1. Before distillation, resin contains large amounts of _________________

2. During distillation, the a.___________________ but the other isomer becomes b.__________________

2.a. = ?

abietic acid

Rosin

1. Before distillation, resin contains large amounts of _________________

2. During distillation, the a.___________________ but the other isomer becomes b.__________________

2.b. = ?

adhesive plasters, ointments, paper, adhesives, inks, rubber, linoleum, thermoplastic floor tiles and surface coating

Rosin

• uses

Exogonium purge (now Ipomoea purga)

Jalap

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Convolvulaceae

Jalap

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

Convolvulin, exogonic acid, ipurganol

Jalap

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

cathartic, hydragogue, and purgative

Jalap

• uses

Ipomoea orizabensis

Jalap Allied Drugs:

• scientific name of Orizaba

Orizaba

Jalap Allied Drugs:

• contains jalapinolic acid, orizabins

Ipomoea batatas

Jalap Allied Drugs:

• Scientific Name of Sweet Potato

Sweet Potato

Jalap Allied Drugs:

• contains simonins

Convolvulus scammonia

Jalap Allied Drugs:

• Scientific Name of Scammony

Scammony

Jalap Allied Drugs:

• contains scammonins

American mandrake

Mayapple

Synonym: ?

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents:

Podophyllum peltatum

Mayapple

Synonym:

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Berberidaceae

Mayapple

Synonym:

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

podophyllotoxin and peltatin

Mayapple

Synonym:

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

purgative

Mayapple Uses:

1. Peltatin is ____________

2. Podophyllotoxin is ___________ for papillomas

3. The _________ of podophyllotoxin (picropodophyllin) is inactive

4. Derivatives in clinical use include ___________________________

1 = ?

antimitotic

Mayapple Uses:

1. Peltatin is ____________

2. Podophyllotoxin is ___________ for papillomas

3. The _________ of podophyllotoxin (picropodophyllin) is inactive

4. Derivatives in clinical use include ___________________________

2 = ?

cis form

Mayapple Uses:

1. Peltatin is ____________

2. Podophyllotoxin is ___________ for papillomas

3. The _________ of podophyllotoxin (picropodophyllin) is inactive

4. Derivatives in clinical use include ___________________________

3 = ?

etoposide and teniposide

Mayapple Uses:

1. Peltatin is ____________

2. Podophyllotoxin is ___________ for papillomas

3. The _________ of podophyllotoxin (picropodophyllin) is inactive

4. Derivatives in clinical use include ___________________________

4 = ?

Resina almaciaga

Mastic

Synonym: ?

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents:

Pistacia lentiscus

Mastic

Synonym:

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Anacardiaceae

Mastic

Synonym:

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

Pinenes, camphene, masticin, mastichic acid Use

Mastic

Synonym:

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

breath sweetener

Mastic Uses:

1. Used back then as ________________ by oriental women

2. Used as ______________ to seal cavities

3. __________________ for stomach

4. ______________________ as compound mastic paint

1 = ?

dental varnish

Mastic Uses:

1. Used back then as ________________ by oriental women

2. Used as ______________ to seal cavities

3. __________________ for stomach

4. ______________________ as compound mastic paint

2 = ?

Protective agent

Mastic Uses:

1. Used back then as ________________ by oriental women

2. Used as ______________ to seal cavities

3. __________________ for stomach

4. ______________________ as compound mastic paint

3 = ?

Microscopical mountant

Mastic Uses:

1. Used back then as ________________ by oriental women

2. Used as ______________ to seal cavities

3. __________________ for stomach

4. ______________________ as compound mastic paint

4 = ?

Indian hemp, hashish, pot

Marijuana

Synonym: ?

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents:

Cannabis sativa

Marijuana

Synonym:

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Moraceae

Marijuana

Synonym:

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

Cannabinols, Cannabidiol

Marijuana

Synonym:

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

THC

Marijuana

• most active cannabinols

Drug type

Marijuana Uses:

1. THC-dominant, psychoactive

2. cannabidiol-dominant, used for ropes

3. THC analog for treatment of nausea

4. its seeds are used for _________________

1 = ?

Hemp type

Marijuana Uses:

1. THC-dominant, psychoactive

2. cannabidiol-dominant, used for ropes

3. THC analog for treatment of nausea

4. its seeds are used for _________________

2 = ?

Dronabinol

Marijuana Uses:

1. THC-dominant, psychoactive

2. cannabidiol-dominant, used for ropes

3. THC analog for treatment of nausea

4. its seeds are used for _________________

3 = ?

paints and soap

Marijuana Uses:

1. THC-dominant, psychoactive

2. cannabidiol-dominant, used for ropes

3. THC analog for treatment of nausea

4. its seeds are used for _________________

4 = ?

Eriodictyon californicum

Yerba Santa

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Hydrophyllaceae

Yerba Santa

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

Eriodictyol

Yerba Santa

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

bitter and disagreeable

Yerba Santa Uses:

1. Mask taste of ___________________ medicines (ex. quinine)

2. American Indians smoked or chewed the leaves for __________

1 = ?

asthma

Yerba Santa Uses:

1. Mask taste of ___________________ medicines (ex. quinine)

2. American Indians smoked or chewed the leaves for __________

2 = ?

Secretions of the insect on twigs

Lac

Source: ?

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents:

Karria lacca

Lac

Source:

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Kerriidae

Lac

Source:

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

Shellac (70-85% resin), laccaic acid (red color)

Lac

Source:

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

Varnishes, polishes, sealing wax, enteric tablet coating

Lac

• uses

Piper methysticum

Kava-Kava

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Piperaceae

Kava-Kava

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

Yangonin, kawain, methysticin

Kava-Kava

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

Skeletal muscle relaxant, tranquilizer, local anesthetic

Kava-Kava

• uses

Guaiacum officinale, Guaiacum sanctum

Guaiacum Resin

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Zygophyllaceae

Guaiacum Resin

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

Guaiaretic acid

Guaiacum Resin

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

cupric acetate

Guaiacum Resin is differentiated from rosin by the _________________ test

chronic rheumatic conditions

Guaiacum Resin

• use

Zingiber officinale

Ginger

Scientific Name: ?

Family:

Constituents:

Zingiberaceae

Ginger

Scientific Name:

Family: ?

Constituents:

gingerol, zingerone, shogaols

Ginger

Scientific Name:

Family:

Constituents: ?

gingerol

Ginger Constituents:

1. Pungency is due to _________ which is destroyed by boiling with 2% KOH

2. also pungent but with sweet odor

3. from loss of water from gingerols

1 = ?

Zingerone

Ginger Constituents:

1. Pungency is due to _________ which is destroyed by boiling with 2% KOH

2. also pungent but with sweet odor

3. from loss of water from gingerols

2 = ?

Shogaols

Ginger Constituents:

1. Pungency is due to _________ which is destroyed by boiling with 2% KOH

2. also pungent but with sweet odor

3. from loss of water from gingerols

3 = ?

Carminative and stimulant

Ginger Uses:

1. general uses

2. claims of controlling ______________________ during first trimester of pregnancy

3. potential uses

1 = ?

excessive and uncontrolled vomiting

Ginger Uses:

1. general uses

2. claims of controlling ______________________ during first trimester of pregnancy

3. potential uses

2 = ?