Tissues - D2L - Updated - Spr25

What are the basic types of tissues in the body?

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous.

What is the main characteristic of epithelial tissue?

It includes body linings and glandular tissues.

What are the two surfaces of epithelial tissue?

Apical surface and Basal surface.

What is a key characteristic of epithelial tissue regarding blood supply?

Epithelial tissue is avascular, meaning it does not have a blood supply.

What type of epithelial tissue is thin and flat?

Squamous epithelium.

Where is simple squamous epithelium located?

Air sacs in lungs (alveoli), lining of blood vessels, and serous membranes.

What is the structure of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

Multiple cell layers, with basal cells being cuboidal and apical cells being squamous; all cells are living.

What is the function of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium?

Protection of underlying tissues from abrasion.

Where are cuboidal epithelial cells generally found?

In glands, kidney tubules, and follicles of the thyroid gland.

What characterizes transitional epithelium?

It changes shape depending on whether the tissue is relaxed or stretched.

What is a major function of glandular epithelium?

Secretion of hormones or substances.

What are the types of exocrine glands based on their structure?

Unicellular and multicellular glands.

What is unique about merocrine gland secretion?

They release their products via exocytosis.

What are the functions of connective tissue?

Support, protection, transport of fluids, energy storage, and defense.

What is the major feature of dense connective tissue?

It has more protein fibers and cells, and less ground substance.

What type of connective tissue is characterized by a network of fibers supporting organs like the liver and spleen?

Reticular connective tissue.

Which type of cartilage is associated with flexibility and is found in the external ear?

Elastic cartilage.

What is the primary component of bone tissue?

Calcified matrix with abundant collagen fibers.

What defines muscle tissue?

Its ability to contract and produce movement.

How is cardiac muscle tissue characterized?

Short, branched cells that are striated and contain intercalated discs.

What defines nervous tissue?

Its ability to respond to stimuli and propagate electric impulses.

What are the three types of tissue membranes?

Cutaneous, Mucous, Serous.

What type of membrane lines body surfaces and is considered a

The cutaneous membrane (skin).

What type of membrane lines cavities that open to the exterior?

Mucous membranes.

What is the purpose of serous membranes?

They line closed body cavities and secrete serous fluid.

What type of membrane lines body surfaces and is considered a skin?

The cutaneous membrane (skin).

What is the function of adipose tissue?

Energy storage, insulation, and protection.

What are the characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue?

Long, cylindrical, multinucleated cells, striated appearance.

What type of connective tissue has a liquid matrix?

Blood.

What is the role of fibroblasts in connective tissue?

They produce collagen and extracellular matrix.

What property of nervous tissue allows for communication between nerve cells?

Neurotransmission.

What is a distinguishing feature of smooth muscle tissue?

Non-striated, spindle-shaped cells.

What is the primary function of synovial membranes?

To lubricate joints.

What distinguishes simple columnar epithelium from other types of epithelial tissue?

It has tall cells and may contain goblet cells that produce mucus.

Where is dense regular connective tissue predominantly found?

Tendons and ligaments.

What type of epithelium is found in the bladder?

Transitional epithelium.

What do goblet cells secrete?

Mucus.

What is the function of hyaline cartilage?

Provides support and flexibility, covers the ends of bones at joints.

What is a characteristic of lymphatic tissue?

Contains lymphocytes and plays a role in immune response.

What is the primary role of serous fluid?

To reduce friction between organs.

What type of epithelial tissue is found in the respiratory tract?

Ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium.