Bio unit 4: the brain

the meninges

3 protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, act as protection and support the CNS

blood brain barrier

most substances cannot leave blood stream and enter cerebrospinal fluid

what substacnes can cross the blood brain barrier

alcohol, caffine, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nicotine, and anesthetics

what substances can’t cross the blood brain barrier

virus, bacteria, and toxic substances

why cant glucose cross the blood brain barrier and how does it get around this problem

glucose is too large and not fat soluble but has its own protein carrier to cross

cerebrospinal fluid

circulates between the innermost and middle meninges, provides cushining, and carries dissolved nutrient to brain and wastes from brain

cereburm

the largest division of the brain, it is divided in to 2 hemispheres each of whcih is divided into 4 lobes

lobes of the brain

frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, cerebrum, and brain stem

frontal lobe functions

complex thinking like reasoning, planning, and ability to predict conhsequences

which part of the brain is responsible for complex thinking like reasoning, planning, and ability to predict conhsequences

frontal lobe

parietal lobe functions

spatial awareness, controls muscles, movement, and temperature

What part of the brain is responsible for spatial awareness, controls muscles, movement, and temperature

parietal lobe

occipital lobe functions

processes sight

what part of the brain is responsible for procesing sight

occipital lobe

temporal lobe functions

processes hearing and memory/information retrieval

what part of the brain is responsible for processes hearing and memory/information retrival

temporal lobe

cerebellum functions

coordinates balance and fine movements

what part of the brain coordinates balance and fine movements

cerebellum

brain stem function

regulates vital functions, heartbeat, and breathing

what part of the brainregulates vital functions, heartbeat, and breathing

brain stem

synapse

the connection between prostatic neuron and post synaptic neuron

first step of synapse

action potential arrives causing calcium to enter the cell

step in synapse after calcium enters cell

calcium causes vesicles to release neurotransmitters

step in synapse after neurotransmitters are released

the neurotransmitters bind to the receptors

step in synapse after neurotransmitters bind to the receptors

an action potential is created in the post-synaptic neuron

last step of synapse

the neurotransmitters reuptake into the present neuron to be used