Male Genital System Pathology

A set of 43 flashcards covering key vocabulary terms and definitions related to the pathology of the male genital system.

Squamous cell carcinoma

A type of cancer that commonly affects uncircumcised men over 40.

Bowen’s disease

A solitary plaque-like lesion of the penis that represents carcinoma in situ.

Erythroplasia of Queyrat

Cancer in situ arising as an erythematous patch.

Verrucous carcinoma

A form of squamous cell cancer that has a papillary pattern.

Cryptorchidism

The failure of testes to descend, which can lead to testicular atrophy and increased risk of malignancy.

Testicular neoplasms

Firm, painless enlargement of testes that mostly occur in males aged 15-34.

Seminoma

A type of testicular germ cell tumor, accounting for 30% of these tumors.

HcG

Human chorionic gonadotropin, which may be elevated in patients with seminoma.

Embryonal carcinoma

Characterized by ill-defined invasive masses, foci of hemorrhage, and necrosis.

Yolk sac tumors

The most common primary testicular tumors in children under age 3.

Schiller-Duvall bodies

Structures resembling primitive glomeruli found in yolk sac tumors.

Choriocarcinoma

A cancer representing differentiation along trophoblastic lines.

Alpha-fetoprotein

A protein that may be seen in the cytoplasm of some cells in yolk sac tumors.

Teratomas

Tumors that contain cysts, cartilage, and/or bone.

Mature teratoma

A teratoma containing fully differentiated tissue.

Immature teratoma

A teratoma containing immature somatic tissue.

Testicular neoplasms - clinical features

Painless enlargement of testes; seminomas often remain confined to the testes for prolonged periods.

Acute prostatitis

An inflammatory condition of the prostate commonly caused by E. coli, leading to dysuria and lower back pain.

Chronic prostatitis

May follow acute prostatitis; involves lymphocytic and possibly granulomatous inflammation.

Nodular hyperplasia of prostate

Proliferation of epithelial and stromal elements, commonly known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

BPH

Benign prostatic hyperplasia; causes urinary tract obstruction and is influenced by androgens and estrogens.

Prostate carcinoma

A malignancy with a peak incidence between ages 65-75, significantly more common in Scandinavian countries.

Adenocarcinomas

A type of prostate cancer characterized by variable degrees of differentiation.

Clinical features of prostate carcinoma

Often clinically silent; may present with signs of metastatic spread.

Prostate specific antigen (PSA)

A marker that may be elevated in hyperplasia, prostatitis, or carcinoma.

Staging of prostate carcinoma

Essential for evaluation and treatment; based on clinical examination and imaging.

Metastasis

Spread of cancer cells to other parts of the body, commonly the axial skeleton in prostate carcinoma.

Prostatic nodules

Hyperplastic nodules that may compress the urethra, leading to a slit-like orifice.

Gray crusted papular lesion

A common presentation of squamous cell cancer of the penis.

Nonseminomatous germ cell neoplasms

Neoplasms that typically metastasize earlier than seminomas.

Lymphocytic infiltrate

An accumulation of lymphocytes in seminoma tumors, often associated with elevated HcG.

Ill-defined invasive masses

Characteristic of embryonal carcinoma.

Cytotrophoblast

One of the cell types involved in choriocarcinoma, along with syncytiotrophoblasts.

Osteolytic metastasis

Bone metastasis that leads to bone destruction, seen in some cases of prostate cancer.

Osteoblastic metastasis

Bone metastasis that leads to bone formation, often seen in prostate carcinoma.

Urinary tract obstruction

A clinical feature caused by nodular hyperplasia of the prostate.

Rectal exam

A method to palpate prostate carcinoma, which primarily arises in the outer or peripheral glands.

Invasive masses

Characteristic of embryonal carcinoma, with foci of hemorrhage and necrosis.

Granulomatous inflammation

A potential follow-up complication of acute prostatitis.

Androgens and estrogens

Hormones that play a synergistic role in the development of nodular hyperplasia of the prostate.

Mature vs Immature teratomas

Mature teratomas contain fully differentiated tissue, while immature teratomas contain immature somatic tissue.

What are key risk factors for Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis?

Primarily affects uncircumcised men over 40.

Where does prostate carcinoma primarily arise?

In the outer or peripheral glands of the prostate.