meiosis cell/sex production

Haploid n diploid cells

Reproductive cells = gametes, process of combing gametes = fertilization, fusion of these cells = zygote (46 chromosomes from both parents), gametes = sperm cells/egg cell or ovum

Homologous chromosomes n genes

Homologous chromosomes = pairs of chromosomes that appear identical but aren’t, genes = sections of DNA that contain genetic info for the inheritance of specific traits

Prophase 1

Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down, bivalents form

Metaphase 1

Homologous pairs align at the middle(metaphase plate)

Anaphase 1

Homologous chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell

Telophase 1

Homologous chromosomes separates

Meiosis v.s mitosis

Mitosis: creates. Identical diploid daughter cells n to create all somatic cells, meiosis: creates 4 non-identical haploid daughter cells n used to create sex cells (ensures genetic variation)

Gametogenisis

Spermatogenesis; process of producing male gametes (sperm cells) in mammals n occurs in testes, genesis: process of producing female gametes (egg cells ova) in mammals n occurs in ovaries

Genetic variation ensured during meiosis

Crossing over: exchange of genetic bits between homologous chromosomes during prophase 1, independent assortment: the random lining up of homologous chromosomes in metaphase 1 n the subsequent separation of them