5.3 - The Industrial Revolution

which person was the most enduring image of the Industrial Revolution?

Adam Smith

what race was Adam Smith?

Scottish

what led to the Industrial Revolution?

new technologies, better agricultural productivity, and rise of maritime empires

what revolution preceded and help lead to the Industrial Revolution?

the Agricultural Revolution

what two technologies and methods help lead to increased population?

crop rotation and seed drill

how did the Columbian Exchange help lead to the Industrial Revolution?

introducing nutrition-dense foods for increased population

what was the commercial revolution characterized by?

mercantilism and colonialism

what was the result of the commercial revolution in cotton and textile production in Britain?

the cottage industry was established?

what was the cotton industry?

American cotton and home spinning

what was home spinning?

British women used raw cotton to make finished cloths in their home

what was the social impact of home spinning?

it led to more independence for British women

who invented the Spinning Jenny?

James Hargreave

who invented the water frame?

Richard Arkwright

who is considered the father of the factory system?

Arkwright

what killed the house spinning industry?

mechanization

who invented interchangeable parts?

Eli Whitney

what two innovations highly improved labor productivity?

specialization of labor and the assembly line

who helped lead to the division of labor?

Eli Whitney

why were the British at an advantage for industrialization?

location, coal, colonies, and rivers

growth of British cities were concentrated near….

coal deposits

what was one important demographic change caused by the Industrial Revolution/

urbanization

what was the enclosure movement?

grazing and farming land were restricted to payers

what was the result of the enclosure movement?

urbanization