DNA Replication - MCDB 1150 Class 23

These flashcards cover key concepts and vocabulary related to DNA replication as discussed in the lecture notes.

Helicase

An enzyme that unwinds double-stranded DNA by separating the two hybridized DNA strands using ATP hydrolysis.

Single Stranded Binding Proteins (SSBPs)

Proteins that prevent the re-annealing of separated DNA strands during replication.

Primase

An RNA polymerase that synthesizes RNA primers from a DNA template, providing a free 3' OH for DNA polymerases.

Topoisomerase

An enzyme that nicks the DNA backbone to relieve torsion and prevent supercoiling.

DNA Polymerase III

The main enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the free 3' end of a new DNA strand during replication.

DNA Polymerase I

Removes RNA primers and fills the gaps with DNA nucleotides.

Okazaki Fragments

Short segments of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Telomerase

An enzyme that extends the length of the 3' end of DNA by using an RNA template.

5' to 3' Direction

The direction in which DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands.

Replication Fork

The area where the DNA double helix is unwound, and new strands are synthesized during replication.