Inflammation: Applied problem-solving task

oedema

build up of fluids in the interstitium

effusion

accumulation of an abnormal amount of fluid in a hollow body cavity (joints, thorax, abdomen)

exudate

caused by increased capillary permeability due to inflammation -high protein and cells content

transudate

caused by high hydrostatic pressure or low blood protein (oncotic pressure)

What condition does this image show?

tendinitis (horse)

During which phase of acute inflammation does tendinitis occur?

fluidic

What happens when a horse gets tendinitis?

build up of fluid and swelling in tendon

Which is the correct definition of this pathological process?

pericardial effusion

transudate or exudate?

exudate

Why is this exudate?

• high cellular content - cloudy

• high in protein

• yellow in colour (because of high protein content

What is this condition caused by?

damage to epithelium

What is the blue arrow pointing to?

fibrin strings 

What condition does this image show?

porcine heart with strep suis

What happens to the pig’s heart when it has strep suis?

fibrin polymerise from fibrinogen, coats tissue surfaces, can be degraded 

What does this image show?

bovine heart with traumatic pericarditis 

What happens in a bovine heart with traumatic pericarditis?

• cells organised and converted into fibrous tissue

• fibrous tissue is firmly attached and forms adhesions between surfaces

What does this image show?

dog with pleural adhesions

What are the adhesions shown in this photo made of?

fibrous tissue

Is the fluid accumulating in the brain ventricles exudate or transudate?

exudate

What condition is this image showing?

rose cockatoo with fungal pneumonia

Based on the diagram and appearance, what are the lung lesions indicated in the photo formed by?

granulomas

What condition does this image show?

horse with pastern wound

Based on the diagram and its appearance, what is the lesion indicated in the photo formed by?

granulation tissue

granulation tissue

healing response

granulomatous inflammation

type of chronic inflammation dominated by macrophages

granuloma

discrete structure formed in granulomatous inflammation

What condition does this image show?

eye globe enucleated in dog

What is the cause of inflammation in this dog’s eye?

grass seed (foreign body)

Is this a case of acute or chronic inflammation?

chronic

Based on cytology, which type of inflammation is this?

purulent

What condition does this image show?

skin allergy in cat

What type of inflammatory cells present in the cytological sample supported the diagnosis of allergy (hypersensitivity)?

eosinophils