Atomic Theory

Transition Metal

• One that forms at least one ion with a partially filled d sublime

  • Shows variable valence

  • Form colour ions/compound

  • Act as catalyst in many reactions

• Zinc and Scandium are not transition metal but are d block elements

Compound

A substance that is made up of two or more elements combines together chemically

The Octect Rule

This rule states that when atoms bond, most atoms tend to want an electronic arrangement of eight electrons in their outermost shell (energy level)

Valancy

Tells us the number of Chemical bonds and ayom can form

Metals

Any elements that loses electrons to form a positive ion

Alkali Metal

• Extremely reactive

• Soft metals

• Burn in air to form metal oxide

• React vigorously with water to form metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas

Alkaline Metal

• Very reactive but less than alkali metal

• Mg reacts slowly with water

Halogen

• Very reactive non-metals

• Low melting and boiling point

Noble Gases

• Gaseous

• Least reactive of all elements

The Principle of Mass Spectrometer

Different ions are separated according to their masses when moving in a magnetic field