Module 6F ❖ Teaching Strategies and Methodologies for Teaching and Learning

Strategy

a plan of purposeful action

Strategy of teaching

a plan of specific activities that helps students change or improve behavior in planned ways

Behavioral goals

goals focused on behavior change in learning

Verbal behavior

speaking or communication behaviors

Motor/manipulatory behavior

physical or hands-on skills and actions

Feelings and emotions

emotional responses or attitudes

Goal

expected outcome the learner should achieve after teaching

Stimulus

any condition or event that causes a change in behavior

Response

reaction produced by a stimulus

Cue

something in the environment that tells a person what to do

Denotative prompt

physical clues like underlining

Connotative cues

clues from sentence structure

Modeling

teacher demonstrates the correct behavior or skill for students to copy

Controlling attention

helping students focus on important information for learning

Stimulating recall

helping learners remember previous knowledge before learning something new

Reinforcement

an event that increases the chance a behavior will happen again

Positive reinforcement

giving rewards or praise for desired behavior

Negative reinforcement

removing a threat after desired behavior is done

Consumables

food rewards used in studies or learning

Manipulatives

toys trinkets or hobby items used as rewards

Visual and auditory stimuli

signals sounds or visual cues used in teaching

Social stimuli

approval or disapproval from peers or teachers

Tokens

rewards such as grades certificates scholarships or money

Generalization

applying learned responses to similar situations

Observation

watching learners perform tasks or behaviors

Written tests

exams used to measure knowledge

Oral examination

learners verbally explain or answer questions

Performance/skills test

demonstration of a skill or procedure

Self-assessment

learners evaluate their own performance

Peer assessment

classmates evaluate each other’s work or performance

Portfolio assessment

collection of student work over time

Questionnaires/surveys

tools used to measure opinions or attitudes

Case study/problem-based assessment

analyzing or solving real or simulated situations

Mobility

ability to move freely or easily