Spontaneous Pneumothorax and Pleural Effusion

Flashcards related to Spontaneous Pneumothorax, including definitions, causes, symptoms, and risk factors.

What is a pneumothorax?

A partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space.

What causes spontaneous pneumothorax?

It can be caused by trauma or certain medical conditions.

What happens when the lung surface is disrupted in spontaneous pneumothorax?

Air escapes into the pleural cavity, resulting in a loss of negative vacuum pressure and causing the lung to collapse.

Who is at higher risk for spontaneous pneumothorax?

Patients with emphysema, asthma, and tall, thin young men are at higher risk.

What are common symptoms of spontaneous pneumothorax?

Symptoms include dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain, which is sharp and worsens during inspiration or certain chest wall movements.

How can breath sounds be affected in spontaneous pneumothorax?

Breath sounds may be absent or decreased on the affected side.

What serious condition can spontaneous pneumothorax develop into?

It has the potential to evolve into a life-threatening pneumothorax.

What are the signs to reassess in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax?

Signs include increased dyspnea, hypotension, absent or severely decreased breath sounds, jugular vein distention, and cyanosis.

What anatomical structures are involved in a pneumothorax?

The parietal pleura, pleural space, visceral pleura, and diaphragm are involved.