Physics Revision-P5-Electricity in the Home
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35 Terms
What is an alternating current/pd?
A current where it swaps from positive to negative.
Why does an alternating current swap from negative to positive?
Because the coulombs are moving back and forth going forward in the circuit ( positive ) to backwards in the circuit ( negative ).
What is the amount of volts and hertz in a electrical system of alternating current?
230 V and 50 Hz.
What does Hz mean in terms of alternating current?
How many times the coulombs swap per second.
What is direct current and why is it different to an alternating current ?
It is a current that only goes one way positive to negative unlike alternating which switches.
What are the three wires in a plug socket?
Earth, Live and Neutral.
What colour is the earth wire?
Green and yellow.
1.How many volts is the earth wire?
1.0V.
What does the earth wire do ?
It carries the current safely to earth incase the case becomes live.
What colour is the live wire ?
Brown.
How many volts is the live wire?
230 V.
What does the live wire do ?
It carries the electrical current from the power source to appliances.
What is the colour of the neutral wire?
Blue.
2.How many volts is the neutral wire?
2.0V.
What does the neutral wire do ?
Serves as a return path for electrical systems.
Three things about a fuse.
Very low resistance.
Very high current.
Very hot wire.
What does the fuse do ?
If the current is too high , an appliance could be damaged so the fuse melts if the current gets too high and breaks the circuit so that the appliance is protected.
What is the national grid?
It is a network that transmits electricity across the UK
Four things about a step up transformer.
Increases the voltage.
Decreases the current.
Less heat lost in wires.
More efficient
Four things about a step down transformer.
Decreases voltage.
Increases current.
Safer.
Less chance of a spark causing a shock.
What is the unit for power?
Watts
What is the unit for current?
Amps
What is the unit for PD?
Volts
What is the unit for energy transfered?
Joules
What is the unit for time ?
Seconds
What is the unit for resistance?
Ohms
What is the unit for charge flow?
Coulombs
How do you work out Power supplied if you have amps and volts given?
Current × Pd
How do you work out Power if you have joules and seconds given ?
Energy transfered ÷ Time
How do you work out Power if amps and ohms are given ?
Current² × Resistance
How do you work out charge flow when amps and seconds are given ?
Current × Time taken
How do you work out efficiency?
Useful output power ÷ Total input energy
What form of energy is input in a car?
Chemical
What form is wasted energy in a car?
Thermal
What form is useful energy in a car?
Kinetic