Y11 Science- Unit 2- Organic Molecules/Fuels

Hydrocarbons

organic molecules consisting of only carbon and hydrogen

Alkane

a hydrocarbon containing only single covalent bonds

saturated hydrocarbon

A hydrocarbon in which all the bonds between carbon atoms are single bonds

Homologous series

A series of similar compounds which have the same functional group and have the same general formula

Balancing Equations

coefficients are placed in front of compounds to observe the law of conservation of mass.

combustion

A rapid reaction between oxygen and fuel that results in fire and energy production

Methane

CH4

Propane

C3H8; a three-carbon alkane gas (C3H8). It is stored under pressure inside a tank as a colorless, odorless liquid.

Butane

C4H10; a hydrocarbon and a highly flammable, colourless, odourless, easily liquefied gas.

natural gas

A gas with high methane (CH4) content, found along with various fossil fuels and is used as a fuel.

gasoline

Also known as gas (in US), petrol (in UK), and benzin (in Germany), is primarily used as motor fuel in combustion engines.

liquid hydrogen

Used as energy source in fuel cell vehicles or directly as fuel in truck, rail, marine, and rocket engines—NASA has the two largest liquid hydrogen storage tanks in the world.