AP Gov Unit 3 Vocab

Executive branch

The branch of government that puts the nations laws into effect

Enumerated(formal) powers

Powers specifically granted in the Constitution

Implied/Inherent (Informal) Powers

Powers not mentioned in the the constitution but is still carried out as presidential duties

Treaty

Agreement with a foreign government by the president that requires a 2/3s vote from senate

State of the Union Adress

Annual speech given by the president to congress updating them on the state of national affairs

Pocket veto

Informal veto caused when the president chooses not to sign a bill within ten days when congress adjourned

Presidential pardon

When the president can release anyone convicted of a crime and set aside any punishment

Executive privilege

Presidential right to keep certain conversations, records, and transcripts secret from the public and congress

Executive agreement

Agreement between the president and another nation that doesn’t have the same ability as a treaty but doesn’t require senates to ratify

Signing Treatment

Comments, statements, interpretation, or reasons the president makes while signing a bill

Executive Order

Policy instructions made by the president that don’t require congressional approval

Writ of habeas corpus

Court order that requires the government to describe the charges and have evident against someone charged with a crime

Wars Powers Resolution

Law passed over Nixons veto that limits the presidents power to send troops in combat for more than 60 days without congressional approval

Impeachment

The process of removing a president from office

12th Amendment

The separate process of electing the president and vp where the electoral college casts a two votes, one for each

25th amendment

Rule of succession that establishes the process of replacing the president if they aren’t present

Executive Office of the President (EOP)

Collection of offices in the White House organization that provides information to the president

Bargaining and persuasion

Informal ways the presidents uses to convince members of Congress to support their policy initiatives

Bully pulpit

When the president appeals the public and that creates pressure on the branches of government to support their policies

Going public

Tactic the president uses to get people to put pressure on their representatives and senators to press for a presidents policy goals by reaching out directly to the people

Honeymoon period

When the president enjoys a period of strong public approval after a convincing first term victory

Federal Bureaucracy

Departments and agencies in the executive branch that carry out the laws of the nation

Bureaucrat

Official employee in a government bureaucracy

Political patronage

Filling of administrative positions as a rewards for support, rather than merit

Pendleton act/Civil Service Reform Act of 1883

Act of Congress that created the first US Civil Service Commission to hire and promote federal civil service workers with the merit system

Federal Civil Service

Merit based bureaucracy that excludes the armed forces and political appointments

Merit system

System of hiring and promotion based on competitive testing results, education, and other qualifications rather than politics and personal connections

Iron Triangle

Coordinated and mutually beneficial activities of the bureaucracy, congress, and interest groups to achieve shared policy goals

Issue network

Webs of influence between interest groups, policymakers, and policy advocate

Implementation

Bureaucracy’s role in putting into action the laws that congress has passed

Bureaucratic Discretion

Power to decide how a law is implemented and to decide what Congress meant when it passed a law

Regulation

Process through which the federal bureaucracy makes rules that have the force of law, to carry out the laws passed by congress

Bureaucratic Adjudication

When the federal bureaucracy settles disputes between parties that arise over the implementation of federal laws of determines which individuals or groups are covered under a regulation or program