chapter 2 systems of the body

The circulatory system

Contains blood, vessels, and keeps the heart pumping

Heart

An organ keeps the body alive and running

Endocardium

Inner part of the heart

Myocardium

Middle muscular layer of the heart creates the pressure of the blood

Epicardium

Fibrous outer layer of the heart

Atrium

Upper side of the chamber of the heart

Ventricle

Lower chamber of the heart

Tricuspid

Connects the right atrium and right ventricle

Bicuspid

Connects the left atrium and left ventricle

Oxygenated blood

Non oxygen flows from lungs to body

Deoxygenated blood

Transported to the line to the fiend for o be re oxygenated

Pulmonary

Blood travels to lungs where gas exchanges

Carbon dioxide

Is exchange for oxygen

Systemic circulation

As deoxygenated blood from the interior and superior flows into right atrium

Blood is composed of what ?

Cells, white blood cells , and platelets

Coagulation

Process of blood clotting which helps stop bleeding after injury

Anticoagulants

Which is a substance that prevents clotting

Plasma

Is the liquid portion of anticoagulant

What does plasma have to clot ?

Clotting facts such as fibrinogen

What is the presence makes up blood in the body ?

55%

What’s the percentage of water and plasma in the body

%90

Plasma clotting factor’s

Include?

Enzymes, electrolytes, glucose, fats, hormones and cholesterol

Serum

Is contrast liquid proportion of coagulated blood

Will blood naturally clot ?

Yes because if it’s not in a tube it will without an anticoagulant

What is the percentage remaining amount of blood

45% of red blood cells and white blood cells

What does RBCS stand for ?

Red blood cells

What does WBCS stand for

White blood cells

Erythrocytes

Also knows as red blood cells primary function is to transport oxygen through the body remaining carbon dioxide

Erytho

Red

Cyte

Cells

Anemia

Less blood cells

Polyanemia

To many blood cells or to many cells

Hemochromatosis

A disorder when body absorbs to much iron and can impact heart, liver and pancreas

Blood pH

Which is determined by the concentration hydrogen ions in the solution

7.35 and 7.45

Normal blood ranges

6 pH

Death

7 blood pH

Acidosis

7.8 blood pH

Alkalosis

9 blood pH

Death

Leukopenia

to Many few cells white blood cells

What is the sign of an infection in the body ?

To many cells mean that the body fighting in infection

thrombocytes

Also called platelets they function of blood coagulation

Median cubital vein

First choice of venipucture most commonly used vein

Cephalic vein

Located thumb side of the antecubital often for obese patients

basillic vein

Least secured vein close to brachial artery

The antecubital fossa

The are most commonly used for blood collection

Places you can draw blood

Neck

Groin

Foot

Arm

Antigen

Is a substance that triggers an immune response leading to production of antibodies

What is the percentage of drawling blood at donations ?

Note man than 1% to %5

Of total blood volume be withdrawn 24 hours

Agglutination

The clumping of red blood cells lead to releasing toxic amounts of hemoglobin

Epidermis

Outermost part of the skin

Dermis

Middle later contains nerves, lymph nodes and blood vessels

Subcutaneous layer

Inner most part of the skin energy storage

central nervous system (CNS)

Includes brain, spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Creates communication between brain , spinal cord other tissues

Unitary system

Consist of bladder, urthrea, two urters and two kidneys

What is the degrees of venipuncture

15-30 degrees to insert needle